Friday the 13th is considered to be the unluckiest day of the year and in December, 2019 we have the double whammy of having Friday the 13th and a Cold Full Moon. Any misadventures we encounter on this day can be attributed to the date but on this day 712 years ago, you were truly cursed if you were a Knights Templar.
13 号星期五被认为是每年最倒霉的一天，而在 2019 年 12 月，我们遇到了双重打击，既有 13 号星期五，又有寒冷的满月。我们在这一天遇到的任何不幸都可以归因于这个日子，但在 712 年前的这一天，如果你是一名圣殿骑士，你就会真正受到诅咒。
Friday the 13th 1307
1307 年 10 月 13 日，星期五
As day was breaking on Friday 13th October 1307, troops descended on every Knights Templar Commandery in France. Some 15,000 men were arrested and bound in chains. This was just the beginning of the horror that was about to unfold on these crusading soldier monks who had thrived during the twelfth century. Accusations of heresy would later lead to torture at the hands of inquisitors and ultimately death. All of this was instigated by a man who owed his life to the Templars.
1307 年 10 月 13 日星期五破晓时分，军队突袭了法国境内的每一个圣殿骑士团指挥所。大约 15000 人被逮捕并用锁链捆绑。这仅仅是在这些于 12 世纪蓬勃发展的十字军战士僧侣身上即将展开的恐怖的开始。对异端的指控后来导致了宗教裁判所的酷刑，并最终导致死亡。而这一切都是由一个欠圣殿骑士团一条命的人所唆使的。
Philip IV of France was massively in debt. War with England had emptied his coffers. At first, he tried to solve his money problems by banishing the Jews from French territories so he could seize their assets. Then he expelled the Lombard bankers and expropriated their property. His eyes then turned towards the church with their extensive properties and expensive relics. As a result, he found himself embroiled in an argument with Pope Boniface VIII and tried to have the Pontiff arrested. Boniface escaped but died soon after.
法兰西的腓力四世债台高筑。与英国的战争耗尽了他的国库。起初，他试图通过将犹太人驱逐出法国领土来解决他的资金问题，这样他就可以夺取他们的资产。然后，他驱逐了伦巴第银行家并没收了他们的财产。他的目光随后转向了教会，那里有大量的财产和昂贵的文物。结果，他发现自己与教皇博尼法斯八世发生了争执，并试图逮捕教皇。博尼法斯逃脱了，但不久后去世。
Inside the Paris Preceptory
巴黎圣殿骑士团内
This opened the way for Philip to install his own man as head of the church and Pope Clement V has duly appointed and installed in Avignon, an enclave surrounded and controlled by French territories. Philip might have had the Pope in his pocket but his debt had destabilised the French economy, the poor were suffering and someone must pay. Riots broke out in Paris, and the king, fleeing for his life sought refuse at the Templars’ Paris Preceptory.
这为菲利普任命自己的人担任教会领袖铺平了道路，教皇克莱门特五世也已正式任命并安置在阿维尼翁，这是一块被法国领土包围和控制的飞地。菲利普可能已经控制了教皇，但他的债务已经破坏了法国经济的稳定，穷人正在受苦，必须有人为此付出代价。巴黎爆发了骚乱，国王为了保命，逃到圣殿骑士团的巴黎分会寻求庇护。
Losses in the Holy Land had put pay to the Templars’ crusading days and they had turned their hand to banking which they did with great success. Such was their success, that they could give substantial loans to none other than Philip, ‘Roi de France!’ Within the walls of the Preceptory, the beleaguered king eyed their treasure and rubbed his hands with glee in anticipation of completing the next plan he was hatching to rid himself of debt. It was time for Clement to pay back the debt he owed the king and at Philip’s command, the Pope disbanded the Knights templar.
圣地的损失使圣殿骑士团的十字军时代终结，他们转而从事银行业务，并取得了巨大成功。他们的成功程度之高，以至于他们能够向法国国王腓力提供大额贷款。在修道院的围墙内，这位处境艰难的国王盯着他们的财富，高兴地搓着手，期待着完成他正在策划的下一个计划，以摆脱债务。现在是克莱门特偿还对国王的债务的时候了，根据腓力的命令，教皇解散了圣殿骑士团。
Escape prior to Friday the 13th
在 13 日星期五之前逃脱
However, the plan backfired. Somehow the Templars got wind that something was amiss. While carrying out the arrests, Philip’s men discovered that the treasury was empty. Furthermore, the Templar Fleet at La Rochelle, had set sail at midnight, the night before and their destination was unknown.
然而，这个计划却适得其反。不知怎么的，圣殿骑士团得知了事情有异常。在进行逮捕时，腓力的部下发现国库已经空了。此外，圣殿骑士团在拉罗谢尔的舰队已经在前一天晚上午夜启航，他们的目的地不明。
Where would the fleeing Templars escape to? The hand of the Pope stretched across Europe with one exception: Scotland. Robert the Bruce had killed the Red Comyn before the altar in Greyfriar’s Church, Dumfries, an act which would result in his excommunication. Bruce was at war with the English at the time and fighting men were a much-needed commodity. However, this would need to be a clandestine affair, for the Scots had entered into an alliance with France against their shared enemy and if Bruce ever wanted to return to the bosom of the church he could not been seen to harbour the Pope’s enemies.
逃亡的圣殿骑士会逃到哪里？教皇的手伸遍了整个欧洲，只有一个例外：苏格兰。罗伯特·布鲁斯曾在邓弗里斯的格雷弗里亚教堂的祭坛前杀死了红色科明，这一行为导致他被逐出教会。当时布鲁斯正与英国交战，战士是一种非常需要的商品。然而，这需要是一件秘密的事情，因为苏格兰人已经与法国结盟对抗他们共同的敌人，如果布鲁斯想回到教会的怀抱，就不能被视为窝藏教皇的敌人。
Theorists have proposed that a band of Templar knights had fought at the Bruce’s side at the Battle of Bannockburn on the 24th June 1314, a victory that would secure Scotland’s independence from the English. Incidentally, Jacques de Malay, the Grand Master of the Knights Templar was burnt at the stake, earlier that year on 18th March. With his dying breath he called a curse down upon his tormentors. He called upon both king and pope to meet with him within the year for judgement at the throne of God. Clement died within a month and Philip died in November of that same year. The King was 46 years old.
理论家们提出，一支圣殿骑士团的骑士曾在 1314 年 6 月 24 日的班诺克本战役中与布鲁 斯并肩作战，这场胜利将确保苏格兰从英格兰独立。巧合的是，圣殿骑士团的大团长雅克·德·马莱于当年 3 月 18 日被处以火刑。在临终前，他诅咒了自己的折磨者。他要求国王和教皇在一年内与他见面，在上帝的宝座前接受审判。克勉在一个月内去世，而腓力则在同年 11 月去世。国王当时 46 岁。
“Evidence” of Templar activity in Scotland after the religious order was dissolved has included the tombs at Kilmartin and the Templar icons in Rosslyn Chapel but what of this knight buried at Elgin Cathedral: William de la Hay of Lochloy. Was he a Templar knight who died 100 years after the extermination order? And what is the connection between the Apprentice’s Aisle in Elgin Cathedral and the Apprentice’s Pillar in Rosslyn Chapel?
在宗教骑士团解散后，关于圣殿骑士团在苏格兰活动的“证据”包括基尔马丁的坟墓和罗斯林教堂的圣殿骑士团标志，但埋葬在埃尔金大教堂的这位骑士：洛克洛伊的威廉·德拉海又是什么情况呢？他是一位在灭绝令下达 100 年后去世的圣殿骑士吗？埃尔金大教堂的学徒侧廊和罗斯林教堂的学徒柱之间又有什么联系呢？
来源：https://spookyscotland.net/doomsday-friday-the-13th/
