Thousands of BSL-3 labs worldwide now handle pathogens like bird flu, SARS-CoV-2, and tuberculosis—with almost "no oversight," biosecurity experts confirm.
生物安全专家证实，全球数千个 BSL-3 实验室目前正在处理禽流感、SARS-CoV-2 和结核病等病原体，但几乎“没有监管”。
Over the past few years, the world has entered a new era of high-containment biological research—marked by a dramatic expansion of laboratories capable of working with the most lethal viruses known to man.
在过去的几年里，世界已经进入了一个高等级生物研究的新时代——其标志是能够处理人类已知最致命病毒的实验室急剧扩张。
These include facilities built to the highest biosafety standard, Biosafety Level 4 (BSL-4), and they carry not only the broken promise of defending us from pandemics but also the danger of enabling bioweapons creation, whether by accident or deliberate misuse.
这些设施包括按照最高生物安全标准（生物安全等级 4，BSL-4）建造的设施，它们不仅未能兑现保护我们免受疫情侵袭的承诺，而且还带来了制造生物武器的风险，无论是意外还是故意滥用。
Strikingly, a May 2025 Journal of Public Health study found that more than 90% of the countries with at least one BSL-3 laboratory lacked oversight or regulation of dual-use research of concern.
引人注目的是，2025 年 5 月《公共卫生杂志》的一项研究发现，在至少拥有一家 BSL-3 实验室的国家中，超过 90%的国家缺乏对具有潜在风险的双重用途研究的监督或监管。
Dual-use research refers to experiments that can be used for good (e.g., alleged drug development) but also for harm (e.g., creating a bioweapon).
双重用途研究指的是既可以用于有益目的（例如，所谓的药物开发），也可以用于有害目的（例如，制造生物武器）的实验。
The Journal of Public Health study aimed to investigate the worldwide distribution of BSL-3 and BSL-4 laboratories.
《公共卫生杂志》的研究旨在调查 BSL-3 和 BSL-4 实验室在全球的分布情况。
Alarmingly, it found that:
令人震惊的是，它发现：
“No international organization has a comprehensive register or global oversight of Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3)/BSL-4 laboratories. Different countries use different standards for designation of pathogens and laboratories.”
“没有任何国际组织对生物安全等级 3（BSL-3）/BSL-4 实验室进行全面的登记或全球监督。不同的国家对病原体和实验室的指定使用不同的标准。”“More than 90% of the countries with at least one BSL3 laboratory have no oversight/regulations regarding dual-use research.”
“超过 90%的拥有至少一个 BSL3 实验室的国家，对双重用途研究没有任何监督/法规。”
BSL-3 laboratories work with serious or potentially lethal pathogens that can be transmitted through the air and usually have available treatments or preventions, such as tuberculosis, SARS-CoV-2 (COVID), and avian influenza “bird flu.”
BSL-3 实验室处理的是严重的或潜在的致命病原体，这些病原体可以通过空气传播，并且通常有可用的治疗方法或预防措施，例如肺结核、SARS-CoV-2（新冠病毒）和禽流感“禽流感”。
BSL-4 laboratories handle the most dangerous and exotic pathogens that often cause fatal diseases with no available vaccines or treatments, such as Ebola and Marburg viruses.
BSL-4 实验室处理最危险和奇异的病原体，这些病原体通常会导致致命疾病，且没有可用的疫苗或治疗方法，例如埃博拉病毒和马尔堡病毒。
Taken together, the proliferation of BSL-3 and BSL-4 labs around the world raises national security, informed consent, and conflict of interest concerns.
总而言之，世界各地 BSL-3 和 BSL-4 实验室的扩散引发了国家安全、知情同意和利益冲突方面的担忧。
- They raise national security concerns because accidental or intentional lab leaks put American lives at risk, clearly proven by the COVID-19 pandemic. Congress, the White House, the Department of Energy, the FBI, and the CIA have confirmed that the COVID pandemic was likely the result of lab-engineered pathogen manipulation.
它们引发了国家安全方面的担忧，因为意外或故意的实验室泄漏会危及美国人的生命，COVID-19 大流行清楚地证明了这一点。国会、白宫、能源部、联邦调查局和中央情报局已经证实，COVID 大流行很可能是实验室改造病原体操作的结果。 - They raise informed consent concerns because citizens are often unknowingly and/or unwillingly exposed to risks from nearby labs or experimental pathogen releases conducted without public awareness or approval.
它们引发了知情同意方面的担忧，因为公民经常在不知情和/或不愿意的情况下，暴露于附近实验室的风险或在没有公众意识或批准的情况下进行的实验性病原体释放。 - They raise conflict of interest concerns because many of these labs are funded by entities that profit from the development of pathogens and drugs that target those pathogens, meaning they benefit financially from an accidental or intentional lab leak-caused outbreak.
它们引发了利益冲突的担忧，因为这些实验室中的许多都由那些从病原体开发以及针对这些病原体的药物开发中获利的实体资助，这意味着它们会因意外或故意的实验室泄漏造成的疫情而在经济上受益。
Even former NIAID Director Anthony Fauci—who dismissed claims that a lab leak caused the COVID pandemic—has admitted in print that the greatest biosecurity threat regarding dangerous pathogen research is laboratory “insiders who have direct access” to the pathogens or “outsiders who collaborate with or subvert insiders.”
即使是前美国国家过敏和传染病研究所所长安东尼·福奇——他曾驳斥新冠疫情是由实验室泄漏引起的说法——也在文章中承认，关于危险病原体研究的最大生物安全威胁是实验室“内部人员可以直接接触”病原体，或是“与内部人员合作或颠覆内部人员的外部人员”。
Given the mounting evidence of accidents, secrecy, and conflicts of interest, the continued operation of these bioweapons labs poses an unacceptable threat to humanity’s safety.
鉴于越来越多的事故、保密和利益冲突证据，这些生物武器实验室的持续运行对人类安全构成了不可接受的威胁。
The only responsible course is to shut down all BSL-4 facilities worldwide and impose a global moratorium on high-risk pathogen experiments in order to prevent further catastrophe.
唯一负责任的做法是关闭全球所有 BSL-4 设施，并对高风险病原体实验实施全球暂停，以防止进一步的灾难。
But governments all over the world are doing the opposite.
但世界各国政府的做法却恰恰相反。
The Journal of Public Health authors warn in their conclusion:
《公共卫生杂志》的作者在结论中警告说：
“The number of BSL-3 and BSL-4 laboratories is continually increasing, and many do not have adequate biosafety guidelines.”
“BSL-3 和 BSL-4 实验室的数量在不断增加，而且许多实验室没有足够的生物安全准则。”
Dr. Richard Bartlett warned that COVID-19 resulted from dangerous lab experiments and urged a global ban on bioweapons, calling the unchecked spread of BSL-3 and BSL-4 labs—where such pathogens are made—an existential threat to humanity.
理查德·巴特利特博士警告说，新冠病毒是危险实验室实验的结果，并敦促全球禁止生物武器，他称不受控制的 BSL-3 和 BSL-4 实验室（制造此类病原体的地方）的蔓延是对人类的生存威胁。
“President Trump recently spoke to the UN General Assembly, stating that COVID was the result of risky laboratory experiments and that the United States would lead an effort to ban bioweapons,” he told this website.
“特朗普总统最近在联合国大会上发言，称新冠病毒是高风险实验室实验的结果，美国将牵头努力禁止生物武器，”他告诉本网站。“The White House, U.S. Congress, FBI, CIA, German intelligence, and the Department of Energy’s intelligence division have all acknowledged that COVID ‘may have’ originated from a lab. Bioweapons are developed in BSL-3 and BSL-4 laboratories. Yet no one has been held accountable for the worst catastrophe in U.S. history. The continued proliferation of BSL-3 and BSL-4 labs worldwide shows that we have learned nothing from this disaster. Bioweapons, like nuclear weapons, are weapons of mass destruction—and the stockpiling of pathogens such as avian flu represents an existential threat to humanity.”
“白宫、美国国会、联邦调查局、中央情报局、德国情报部门以及能源部的情报部门都承认，新冠病毒“可能”起源于实验室。生物武器是在 BSL-3 和 BSL-4 实验室中开发的。然而，没有人为美国历史上最严重的灾难负责。全球范围内 BSL-3 和 BSL-4 实验室的持续扩散表明，我们没有从这场灾难中吸取任何教训。生物武器，就像核武器一样，是大规模杀伤性武器——而诸如禽流感等病原体的储存对人类构成了生存威胁。”
Worldwide Surge of Bioweapons Labs
全球生物武器实验室激增
Before the COVID pandemic, only a modest number of BSL-4 labs existed worldwide.
在新冠疫情之前，全球只有少量 BSL-4 实验室。
Mapping studies published earlier this year show there are now more than 100 operational BSL-4 labs across 34 countries.
今年早些时候发布的地图研究显示，目前有超过 100 个 BSL-4 实验室在 34 个国家/地区运行。
Researchers identified a staggering 3,515 BSL-3 laboratories in 149 countries.
研究人员在 149 个国家发现了惊人的 3515 个 BSL-3 实验室。
They write in their Journal of Public Health publication:
他们在《公共卫生杂志》上发表文章写道：
“We identified 3,515 BSL-3 laboratories in 149 countries, with nearly half (47.1%) in the United States. Details on geolocations and pathogens they handled are publicly available for 955 of these labs. The United Kingdom had the highest rate (N = 9) of BSL-3 labs per million population, while Bangladesh had the lowest. High-income countries house 82% of these laboratories. There are 110 BSL-4 laboratories in 34 middle- and high-income countries, and 46% are in the WHO’s Europe region. Notably, from the health security index perspective, 91.6% of countries with at least one BSL-3 laboratory lack guidelines for dual-use research of concern.”
“我们确定了 149 个国家/地区的 3515 个 BSL-3 实验室，其中近一半（47.1%）位于美国。其中 955 个实验室的地理位置和处理的病原体等详细信息是公开的。英国每百万人口中 BSL-3 实验室的比率最高（N = 9），而孟加拉国最低。高收入国家拥有这些实验室的 82%。有 34 个中高收入国家拥有 110 个 BSL-4 实验室，其中 46%位于世卫组织的欧洲区域。值得注意的是，从健康安全指数的角度来看，在至少拥有一家 BSL-3 实验室的国家中，有 91.6%的国家缺乏对具有潜在风险的双重用途研究的指导方针。”
India’s Ambitious Expansion
印度雄心勃勃的扩张
In India, the Defence Research & Development Establishment (DRDE) in Gwalior inaugurated a BSL-4 facility in November 2024, aimed at experimenting with Nipah virus and Crimean‑Congo hemorrhagic fever virus.
在印度，瓜廖尔的国防研究与发展机构（DRDE）于 2024 年 11 月启用了一个 BSL-4 设施，旨在进行尼帕病毒和克里米亚-刚果出血热病毒的实验。
Additional high-containment labs are planned, potentially creating one of Asia’s largest BSL-4 networks.
计划增设更多高级别防护实验室，有可能建成亚洲最大的 BSL-4 网络之一。
Russia’s ‘Sanitary Shield’ & Maximum-Containment Ambitions
俄罗斯的“卫生盾牌”与最高级别防护的雄心
Russia’s flagship BSL-4 facility at State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR (Koltsovo) is already a key part of its bio-infrastructure.
俄罗斯位于科利佐沃（Koltsovo）的国家病毒学与生物技术研究中心 VECTOR 的旗舰 BSL-4 设施已经是其生物基础设施的关键组成部分。
Under the national “Sanitary Shield” program, Moscow announced plans for up to 15 new “maximum-biosafety level” labs by 2024.
根据国家“卫生盾牌”计划，莫斯科宣布计划到 2024 年新建多达 15 个“最高生物安全级别”实验室。
While not all details are public, satellite imagery and defense analysis suggest that several facilities—such as the site at Sergiev Posad‑6 near Moscow—exhibit features consistent with BSL-4 design.
虽然并非所有细节都公开，但卫星图像和国防分析表明，包括莫斯科附近谢尔吉耶夫镇-6 的地点在内的几个设施，都表现出与 BSL-4 设计相符的特征。
United States: Updating an Already Extensive Network
美国：更新已有的庞大网络
The United States remains home to one of the largest portfolios of BSL-4 labs globally, with around 14 active facilities as of 2023.
截至 2023 年，美国仍然是全球 BSL-4 实验室数量最多的国家之一，拥有约 14 个活跃的实验室。
These include institutions such as the Galveston National Laboratory, Boston University National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories (NEIDL) and others managed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
其中包括加尔维斯顿国家实验室、波士顿大学国家新兴传染病实验室（NEIDL）以及由疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）管理的其他机构。
Construction is underway for a new state-of-the-art BSL-4 laboratory at the CDC’s Roybal campus in Atlanta, Georgia, as part of the CDC’s 2025 Masterplan.
作为美国疾控中心 2025 年总体规划的一部分，位于佐治亚州亚特兰大市疾控中心罗伊博校区的一个新的最先进的 BSL-4 实验室正在建设中。
The new facility, called the High Containment Continuity Laboratory (HCCL), will be a 160,000-square-foot, multi-story research building designed to accommodate approximately 80 laboratory researchers.
这个名为高等级防护持续性实验室（HCCL）的新设施将是一栋占地 16 万平方英尺的多层研究大楼，设计可容纳约 80 名实验室研究人员。
Latin America’s Entry: Brazil & Argentina
拉丁美洲的进入者：巴西和阿根廷
In Brazil, the Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM) broke ground in 2024 on a proposed BSL-4 complex dubbed “Orion,” to be integrated with the country’s Sirius synchrotron light-source.
在巴西，巴西能源与材料研究中心（CNPEM）于 2024 年破土动工，计划建造一个名为“猎户座”的 BSL-4 综合体，该综合体将与该国的 Sirius 同步加速器光源集成。
If realized, it would become South America’s most advanced high-containment biology facility.
如果建成，它将成为南美洲最先进的高级别生物安全实验室。
In Argentina this month, the Malbrán Institute in Buenos Aires opened the country’s first BSL-4 lab.
本月在阿根廷，布宜诺斯艾利斯的马尔布兰研究所开设了该国首个 BSL-4 实验室。
As an international hub for migratory birds traveling between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, Argentina’s position makes it a strategic focal point in the global network of avian flu surveillance and experimentation—placing it squarely within the larger international orchestration of a potential bird flu pandemic currently underway.
作为往返于南北半球的候鸟的国际枢纽，阿根廷的地理位置使其成为全球禽流感监测和实验网络中的一个战略重点——将其置于目前正在进行中的潜在禽流感大流行的更大国际协调之中。
Bottom Line 底线
The global explosion of BSL-4 laboratories represents not progress, but peril.
BSL-4 实验室在全球范围内的爆炸式增长并非进步，而是危险。
What governments call “pandemic preparedness” has become an uncontrolled arms race in bioweapon capability, with more than 110 BSL-4 labs now operating across 34 countries—most in nations that have no enforceable oversight of dual-use research.
各国政府所谓的“大流行病防范”已经演变成一场不受控制的生物武器能力竞赛，目前有超过 110 个 BSL-4 实验室在 34 个国家/地区运行，其中大多数位于对军民两用研究没有强制性监管的国家。
The same systems meant to prevent pandemics are engineering the conditions that could ignite the next one.
旨在预防大流行病的相同系统，正在营造可能引燃下一次大流行病的环境。
With over 90% of countries hosting BSL-3 labs lacking any regulation of dual-use research, humanity is effectively constructing a worldwide bioweapons network under the banner of science.
随着超过 90% 的拥有 BSL-3 实验室的国家缺乏对军民两用研究的任何监管，人类实际上正在以科学的名义构建一个全球性的生物武器网络。
These facilities have already demonstrated fatal lapses, secrecy, and conflicts of interest—and the agencies that fund them often profit from both the creation of pathogens and the “solutions” they sell afterward.
这些设施已经表现出致命的失误、保密和利益冲突——而资助它们的机构往往从病原体的制造和之后出售的“解决方案”中获利。
Given this reality, nothing short of a global moratorium on high-risk pathogen research and the immediate closure of all BSL-4 laboratories can protect public safety.
鉴于这一现实，只有在全球范围内暂停高风险病原体研究并立即关闭所有 BSL-4 实验室，才能保护公共安全。
The question is no longer if another lab-engineered outbreak will occur, but how many more chances we are willing to give it to happen again.
问题已不再是是否会再次发生实验室人为设计造成的疫情，而是我们愿意再给它多少次发生的机会。
来源：https://jonfleetwood.substack.com/p/over-100-bsl-4-bioweapons-labs-now
